世界五大城市地区土地使用模式比较研究

A Comparative Study on Five Mega-City Regions Based on Land Use Patterns

土地使用模式被认为是影响城市可持续发展、造成不可持续问题产生的关键因素之一。以伦敦、巴黎、纽约、东京、北京为代表的世界特大城市地区面临着类似的问题，同时又有差异。准确认识其土地使用模式成为谋求可持续发展和在全球竞争中取得优势的基础性问题。本文旨在提出一种特大城市地区土地使用模式比较研究的框架。首先认为“土地使用模式”目标可以被分解为针对土地使用紧凑程度的形态目标、针对提高可达性的功能目标以及针对土地使用效率的形态与功能相协同目标；然后，文章制定了多指标的测度方案，运用人工解译和分层随机抽样相结合的测度方法，获取数据；最后结合空间矩阵、缓冲区分析、情景模拟等环节，比较北京和其他世界城市地区的土地使用模式构成情况，并解释其成因，为后续研究提供支持。

How to accurately identify the land use patterns of mega-city regions becomes a fundamental issue in seeking advantages and achieving sustainable devel opment in global competition. This paper presents a framework for the comparison of land use patterns in mega-city regions. Firstly, this paper classifies land use patterns into three categories, including morphological target, functional target, and cooperative target between form and function specific to land use efficiency. Secondly, a multi-indicator method is identified based on space matrix and buffer analysis to represent land use patterns. With the methods of stratified random sampling, data processing, comparison verification, and scenario analysis, this research measures and compares the land use patterns of five mega-city regions ranging from two-di- mensional to three-dimensional. Finally, it summarizes advantages and disadvanta ge.s of the land use pattern of Beijing.