金属型植物的抗性机制及其研究价值

Resistance Mechanism and Research Values of Metallophytes

金属型植物能够在重金属污染严重的土壤中生存和繁殖,一方面可以通过避性机制减少对环境中重金属的吸收,另一方面通过耐性机制,如细胞壁结合、区室化作用、螯合作用和抗氧化机制减小过量蓄积在体内的重金属产生的毒害作用。金属型植物是植物修复土壤重金属污染的理想材料。深入研究金属型植物的抗性机制,可为重金属污染地区的植被恢复和生态恢复提供理论依据,对于土壤重金属污染的治理将起到十分重要的作用。

Metallophytes can survive and be reproduced in soils that are severely polluted by heavy metals. On the one hand they could reduce heavy metals absorbtion from soil environment by avoidance mechanisms; on the other hand, toxic action could be reduced by tolerance mechanisms such as combination with cell wall, compartmentalization, chelation, and antioxidation mechanisms. Metallophytes are regarded as more desirable materials for remediation of the heavy metal contaminated soils. Further research on resistance mechanism of metallophytes is needed to provide theoretical foundation of revegetation and ecological restoration in heavy metal polluted areas. It can also play important roles in the management of heavy metal pollution in soils.