超声乳化白内障吸除术和小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术在高龄白内障患者中的疗效对比分析

Comparative analysis of the application effects between phacoemulsification and small-incision nonphacoemulsificational extracapsular cataract extraction in elderly cataract patients

目的对比分析超声乳化白内障吸除术和小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术在高龄白内障患者中的疗效。方法将80例高龄白内障患者按照奇偶数字法随机均分为超声乳化白内障吸除术组与小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术组,每组各40例。比较两组患者手术前后视力、散光度、视野缺损值、诱发电位振幅、诱发电位潜伏期及并发症发生率。结果 1两组患者术后视力较术前均显著改善(P均<0.05),观察组患者术后1周及术后1个月视力均显著优于对照组(P均<0.05),但两组患者术后3个月视力比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);2两组患者术前散光度数比较差异无显著性(P>0.05),术后1周、1个月、3个月两组患者散光度数比较差异无显著性(P>0.05);3超声乳化白内障吸除术组患者术后1个月及3个月、小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术组患者术后1周、1个月及3个月视野较本组术前比较差异均具有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01),且术后1周、1个月及3个月视野组间比较差异均具有显著性(P均<0.05);4两组患者术前诱发电位振幅、平均标准偏差模式组间比较差异均无显著性(P均>0.05);超声乳化白内障吸除术组患者术后1周、1个月、3个月诱发电位振幅、平均标准偏差模式均显著高于小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术组,差异具有显著性(P<0.05,P<0.01);5超声乳化白内障吸除术组患者并发症发生率为27.50%,小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术组为15.00%,比较差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。结论与超声乳化白内障吸除术相比,小切口非超声乳化囊外摘除术治疗高龄白内障疗效更加显著,安全性更高,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To choose an effective way of surgery to cure cataract through the comparison of the application effects between phacoemulsification and small-incision nonphacoemulsificational extracapsular cataract extraction in elderly cataract patients. Method 80 elderly cataract patients randomly with numbers were separated into two groups according to odd and even numbers. Each group consists of 40 subjects. One group treated by phacoemulsification. The other received small-incision nonphacoemulsificational extracapsular cataract extraction. Compared the following figures before and after surgery： visual acuity, astigmatism, visual field defect values, evoked potential amplitude, evoked potential latency and complication rate. Result① Both groups were statistically different in visual acuity before and after surgery（Pall 〈0.05）. There were statistical differences in visual acuity between 1 week and 1 month after surgery in two groups（Pall〈 0.05）. There were no statistical differences in visual acuity 3 months after surgery between groups（P〉0.05）;②Both groups showed no statistical differences in astigmatism before surgery（P〉0.05）. There were no statistical differences in astigmatism between groups 1 week, 1 month and 3 months after surgery（P〈0.05）; ③ The differences of phacoemulsification surgery patients out of group 1 month and 3 months, a small incision phacoemulsification postoperative capsular extraction surgery group 1 week, 1 month and 3 months compared with preoperative vision were significant（P〈0.05, P 〈0.01）, and after 1 week, the difference between 1 month and 3 months horizons groups were significant（P〈0.05）; ④The differences of evoked potentia lamplitude, average standard deviation mode before surgery between two groups of patients were not significant（Pall 〉0.05）; the evoked potentials amplitude, the average standard deviation mode out of the group 1 week, 1 month, 3 months of the phacoemulsification surgery group of patients were significantly higher than non-phacoemulsification small incision extracapsular cataract extraction group, the difference was significant（P〈0.05, P 〈0.01）; 5 The complication rate of the group receiving phacoemulsification was 27.50%. The complication rate of the group treated by small-incision nonphacoemulsificational extracapsular cataract extraction was 15.00%. The two figures were statistically different（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Comparing with phacoemulsification, small-incision nonphacoemulsificational extracapsular cataract extraction has more significant effects on elderly cataract patients, and has also higher security. It is worthy of being promoted and applied in clinical practice.