174名军事飞行人员眼科疾病检出分析

Analysis of ophthalmic disease detection rates in 174 military aircrews

目的 分析现役飞行人员的眼科疾病构成情况,了解飞行人员中的常见眼科疾病.方法 收集2012年8月至2013年6月入住空军临潼航空医学鉴定训练中心疗养的174名飞行人员的眼科检查资料,按疾病、飞行人员专业及不同年龄段进行分类统计. 结果 ①眼科的常见疾病为结膜结石、轻度的翼状胬肉、皮质性晶状体浑浊、轻微角膜瘢痕及细丝状瞳孔残膜等;②40岁以上组飞行人员视力显著下降（P＜0.01）,角膜曲率显著增加（P＜0.01）;而屈光度与其他年龄组相比差异无统计学意义.③飞行时间在2 000 h以上,年龄在40岁以上组玻璃体混浊、视网膜血管动脉硬化、眼底病变的患病率增加. 结论 此次筛查中飞行人员常见的眼科疾病均对飞行工作影响较小.40岁以上的飞行人员视力明显降低,老年性眼科疾病检出率增加.

Objective To analysis the category of ophthalmic diseases in military aircrews,and learn the prevalence of various ophthalmic diseases.Methods The ophthalmic files of 174 aircrews,who were examined in Lintong Sanatorium from 2012 August to 2013 June,were collected.The classified statistics executed according to diseases and occupation categories and age.Results ①The most common ophthalmic diseases were lithiasis conjunctivae,mild pterygium,phacoscotasmus,mild maculae corneae,filaments of pupillary residual membrane.②The aircrews older than 40 yrs showed significant decreased vision acuity as compared with younger groups （P〈0.01）.In addition,the corneal curvature was significantly increased in the aircrew older than 40 yrs （P〈0.01）.There was no statistical difference in refraction among groups.③ The incidence of Vitreous opacity,arteriosclerosis of retina blood vessel,fundus pathological change were growing in the aircrews older than 40 yrs,and their flying time more than 2 000 hours.Conclusions The common ophthalmic diseases in the screening affect the flying slightly.Different working duty has a certain effect on the incidence of ophthalmic diseases in aircrews.Vision acuity reduces obviously in the aircrews older than 40 yrs,as well as the higher detection rate of senile ophthalmic diseases.