边防部队官兵健康教育需求调查评估

Investigation and evaluation of demands of health education in border defense army

目的掌握边防部队官兵健康教育需求。方法采用自编问卷调查边防官兵主观健康教育需求、健康"知-信-行"现状,采集最近1年的边防官兵的住院疾病谱,进行综合评估。结果边防官兵认为应加强的健康教育知识排在前3位的是心理卫生(63.605%)、生活方式(53.829%)、军人职业防护知识(41.375%),最喜爱的健康教育形式是光盘录像和集中授课,分别为69.368%和42.936%;边防官兵健康知识总知晓率为64.156%、健康态度总持有率为80.765%、健康行为总持有率为49.113%;边防官兵住院疾病谱列位前3类的疾病是椎间盘疾患,关节炎和其他损伤(脱位、扭伤、劳损),均与军人职业防护有关。结论边防官兵对于健康教育突出的主观需求是心理卫生、生活方式、军人职业防护知识及其健康教育录像光盘、健康教育课;客观上更应该加强军人职业防护意识及知识教育,养成健康行为。

Objective To find out about the demands of health education in the border defense army. Methods A self-made questionaire was used to investigate both the demand of health education in the border defense army and the knowledge-attitude-practice of health. Comprehensive evaluation was conducted on the spectrum of disease in hospitals of border defense army in the previous year. Results Mental health（ 63. 605%）,lifestyle（ 53. 829%） and knowledge on occupational protection（ 41. 375%） were the most needed knowledge in the border defense army. Videos and lectures were the means of health education,accounting for respectively 69. 368% and 42. 936%. The total rate of awareness of knowledge about health education reached 64. 156%. The total rates of holding health attitude and health behavior were80. 765% and 49. 113%,respectively. Recently,intervertebral disc disorders,arthritis and other injuries（ dislocation,sprain and strain） were atop the disease spectrum at border defense hospitals. Conclusion Knowledge of mental health,lifestyle and occupational protection along with videos and lectures are the most urgent demand of the border defense army.What needs to be done right away is to improve the awareness of military occupation protection and develop healthy behaviors.