广东果树水分问题刍议

ON THE WATER RELATIONS PROBLEM OF FRUIT TREES IN GUANGDONG

广东省大部分属潮湿亚热带气候,但干湿两季分明,且生长季中晴雨旱涝交替频繁,加之红壤性质低劣,使果树常陷于旱涝两种极端境界。果树对生态条件响应的基本特点是根系浮浅和,一遇干旱则水分胁迫快速形成。水分失调的危害有多种表现。广东果树的“根浅叶茂”与温带地区的果树形成强烈对比。

The climate of Guangdong Province is of a humid subtropical type with distinctive both dry and wet seasons and frenquent alterations between droughts and waterloggings during the vegetative period.This situation coupled with the inferior structure of the predominent red soil often puts fruit trees in extremes of water regimes.The respouses of fruit trees to the local ecological conditions are the shallowness of root distribution and rapid built-up of internal water stress duriug dry spells.The disorders caused by uufavourable water regimes may be exemplified as excessive fruit-drop,uudersized fruits,wilting in a sudden clear day after a long spell of rains,fruit cracking,offseason leaf-drop and etc.'An exuberant canopy supported by a shallow root system' characteristic of the local fruit tress is in sharp contrast to that 'an exuberant canopy arises from a deep root system' in the temperate zone.Therefore,studies on the water relations of fruit trees in this areas are of no little significance.