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术中急性大失血的容量复苏与循环维持 被引量:3

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摘要 目的探讨术中急性大失血患者的容量复苏与循环药物维持策略。方法对26例术中急性大失血患者监测各项指标;以乳酸钠林格液、明胶为主紧急扩容,必要时以心血管活性药物维持循环;合理选用血制品,避免稀释性凝血功能障碍的发生。结果所有病例均抢救成功,无明显相关并发症发生。在失血发生时,心率明显增快,直至术毕时仍高于术前(P<0.05);中心静脉压在失血早期(30 min时)低于术前(P<0.05)。平均动脉压无明显改变(P>0.05)。患者动脉血p H值、碱剩余、HCO-3、血红蛋白、红细胞压积均降低,在复苏后有所回升,但直到术毕时仍低于术前(P<0.05);K+浓度在p H降低时升高(P<0.05),经积极容量复苏、纠酸、必要时利尿后于术毕前恢复正常值范围。所有病例在失血、容量复苏后凝血功能均明显下降,表现为凝血酶原时间、部分凝血活酶时间的延长(P<0.05),国际标准化比值增加(P<0.05),抗凝血酶、纤维蛋白原下降(P<0.05)。经积极输注血制品(新鲜冰冻血浆、血小板、纤维蛋白原)后有所好转,但仍未能恢复至术前(P<0.05);有8例患者在术中部分凝血活酶时间所测值>180 s。结论快速准确的判断,完善的监测,积极进行目标导向的液体复苏及应用药物维持循环,合理选择血制品,避免出现稀释性凝血障碍,同时注意重要脏器功能的保护,是大量失血救治成功的关键。
出处 《广东医学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2014年第19期3029-3031,共3页 Guangdong Medical Journal
基金 贝朗麻醉科学研究基金资助项目(编号:BBF2013-001)
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参考文献11

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