相变材料与夜间自然通风改善帐篷室内热环境研究

Natural Temperature Control Materials Energy Saver and Natural Ventilation in Night to Improve the Tent Thermal Environment

针对帐篷热容小、热惰性低、储热能力差,常常导致帐篷内温度波动剧烈出现夏季室内温度比室外温度高,冬季室内温度比室外温度低的现象,提出将相变材料与夜间自然通风技术结合运用来改善帐篷的室内热环境。经过对比实验研究表明,在夏季炎热的气候条件下,帐篷采用相变材料能够有效地控制室内空气温度波动及温度上升,最大降低室内温度6.4℃,但会导致夜间室内温度比室外温度高;为防止上述现象出现,而采取夜间自然通风的方式能够较好的带走白天储存在相变材料中的热量,最大可降低室内空气温度2.5℃。

For the low calorific capacity, low thermal inertia and the thermal storage capabilities of the tents always lead to the temperature fluctuating hard which makes the temperature higher than outside in summer and lower than outside in winter, we raise an idea of combining Natural temperature control materials energy saver and natural ventilation in night to improve the tent thermal environment. The contrast experiment research turns out that the tents using the natural temperature control materials energy saver is effective to control the fluctuation of the IAQ（Indoor Air Quality）and the temperature rises in the hot summer condition, which would reduce 6.4℃ indoor at most but may lead to the higher temperature indoor at night. To avoid it, we could use natural ventilation in night to bring away the heat saving in the natural temperature control materials energy saver in the daytime, which would deduct 2.5℃ indoor at most.