湖南省郴州地区膝关节骨性关节炎流行病学调查

Epidemiological survey on knee osteoarthritis in Chenzhou region,Hunan Province

目的调查分析郴州地区40岁以上人群中膝关节骨性关节炎患病率、分布情况以及发病危险因素,为临床治疗与预防提供理论依据。方法通过整群随机抽样、入户问卷调查、体格检查、X线拍片等方法调查郴州市区3个街道社区共300人,郴州周边1个自然村中3个组共300人。结果郴州地区40岁以上人群中膝关节骨性关节炎患病率为19.2%,其中男性(9.5%)低于女性(26.6%,P=0.000),乡村(18.3%)与城区(20.0%,P>0.05)差异无统计学意义;有家族史的人群患病率明显升高(OR=4.267),女性较男性更容易患病(OR=3.968),随着年龄增加,患病率逐渐升高(OR=2.351),随着BMI(body mass index体质指数)值升高患病率也逐渐升高(OR=1.423),坐姿较多的人群不易患病(OR=0.666)。结论郴州地区40岁以上人群中女性膝骨性关节炎患病率普遍高于男性,城乡间患病率无明显差别,性别差异、年龄、家族史和BMI值是KOA患病的危险因素,而职业习惯中的坐姿多为其保护因素。

Objective To investigate and analyze the prevalence,distribution and risk factors of knee osteoarthritis among the population aged above 40 years in Chenzhou region,Hunan Province so as to provide theoretical evidence for clinical treatment and prevention. Methods Cluster random sampling method was used to select 300 residents from 3 urban communities and 300 residents from 3 rural groups of 1 village in Chenzhou region,and all of them were surveyed by questionnaire,physical examination and X-ray. Results The prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in the surveyed residents was 19. 2%,of which the prevalence in males was lower than that in females（ 9. 5% vs 26. 6%,P = 0. 000）. No statistically significant difference was found in the residents from rural and urban areas（ 18. 3% vs 20. 0%,P〉0. 05）. The prevalence of residents with family history of knee osteoarthritis was highlighted（ OR = 4. 267）. Females had a higher risk of suffering from knee osteoarthritis than males（ OR = 3. 968）.The rise of the prevalence accompanied with the rising age（ OR = 2. 351） and body mass index（ OR = 1. 423）. People who were used to have setting posture had a lower risk of suffering from knee osteoarthritis（ OR = 0. 666）. Conclusions Among the population aged above 40 years in Chenzhou region,the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis in females is generally higher than that in males. There is no significant difference in the prevalence between urban and rural areas. Gender,age,family history and body mass index are the risk factors for suffering from knee osteoarthritis,while setting posture is a protective factor.