贵阳市老城区产后抑郁症的现况调查和影响因素分析

Cross-sectional survey of postpartum depression in the old town of Guiyang City and analysis of its influencing factors

目的筛查贵阳市老城区妇女产后抑郁症的阳性率及相关影响因素。方法采用按比例分配分层随机抽样的现况调查方法,抽取产后42 d的产妇875例作为研究对象,采用自行设计的社会人口学调查表及爱丁堡产后抑郁调查量表进行问卷调查,采用卡方或秩和检验及Logistic回归分析产后抑郁症的相关因素。结果筛出产后抑郁的阳性率为12.8%(112/875),95%CI(10.6%,15.0%);影响因素有9个,分别是夫妻月收入、产后睡眠情况、丈夫的关心、妊娠压力较大、居住环境、孕前吸烟、婴儿健康情况、产妇自觉性格内向、不稳定。结论贵阳市产后抑郁症阳性率与其它省市基本一致,影响产后抑郁发生的因素较多,应有针对性地制定相应的干预措施,促进产妇的身心健康。

Objective To screen the positive rate of postpartum depression and to explore its influencing factors among puerperae in the old town of Guiyang City. Methods Based on the proportion of stratified random sampling,875 women at 42-day postpartum were selected as the research subjects. Self-designed socio-demographic questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale（ EPDS） were used for a cross-sectional survey. Chi-square test,Wilcoxon rank sum test and Logistic regression analysis were employed to analyze the related influencing factors. Results The positive rate of postpartum depression screening was 12. 8%（ 112 /875）,（ 95% CI 10. 6%,15. 0%）. The factors affecting postpartum depression were as follows： couple＇s monthly income,postpartum sleeping condition,husband＇s care,pregnancy pressure,residence environment,pre-pregnancy smoking,infant＇s health condition,self-consciously introverted character and emotional instability. Conclusions The positive rate of postpartum depression in the old town of Guiyang City is consistent with those of other provinces and cities. The incidence of postpartum depression are related to many factors; and hence,early and targeted intervention should be given to postpartum women so as to promote their physical and mental health.