石嘴山地区夏秋季致敏花粉的调查研究

Investigation of Shizuishan summer and autumn pollen allergens

目的调查石嘴山地区夏秋季致敏花粉的种类、数量和飘散规律,并进行花粉致敏性测定,为花粉症的诊断和防治提供依据。方法采用叶氏采样器重力沉降法设立花粉曝片点,结合皮肤点刺试验（SPT）和特异性IgE检测结果调查夏秋季致敏花粉。结果全年出现2个花粉高峰期,3~5月份为木本花粉高峰期,7~9月份为草本植物花粉高峰期,共收集花粉24 906粒,鉴定出7种花粉,石嘴山地区蒿属花粉总量最多,占29.53%;其次为藜属,苋属,豚草。根据花粉变应原SPT及特异性IgE结果显示,蒿属花粉阳性率最高,具有很强的致敏性;夏秋季花粉的致敏率高于春季花粉。结论蒿花粉属已成为本地区夏秋季主要致敏花粉,是花粉症的主要病因之一。

Objective To investigate making areas fall sensitization pollen species, quantity and floating rule, and determination of allergenic pollen,provide the basis for the diagnosis and prevention of hay fever. Methods Yip＇s sampling esteem force settlement method was used to set up the pollen exposure point, and daily exposure, pollen grains were collected between March 2013 and December 2013. Combination of skin prick test （SPT） and specific IgE test results were used to investigate main pollen sensitization to fall. Results The results of annual appeared two peak pollen, March to April was tree pollen peak, and July to September was herb pollen peak. 24906 grains of pollen were collected, and identified seven kinds of pollen, artemisia pollen amount making region, most （29.53 % ） , followed by chenopodium, amaranthus and ragweed. According to the pollen allergen skin prick test （SPT） and specific IgE results showed that artemisia pollen positive rate was hi/~hest, have very strong allergenic ; Fall pollen sensitization rate was higher than the spring pollen. Conclusion Artemisia pollen is main sensitization pollen and it has become the region＇s fall, is one of the leading causes of hay fever.