生物柴油低温流动性能的改进研究

Improving Research for Low Temperature Fluidity of Biodiesel

以地沟油和橡胶籽油为原料,制备相应生物柴油,测定其物化性能指标,地沟油生物柴油与橡胶籽油生物柴油的凝点与冷滤点分别是3℃、-1℃和6℃、2℃,40℃时运动粘度分别为5.78 mm2/s和5.0 mm2/s,其低温流动性能较差,严重影响了生物柴油使用和发展.考察了降凝剂I和降凝剂II对地沟油生物柴油与橡胶籽油生物柴油的低温流动性能,采用与低温流动特性较好的0#柴油调合混配可改进生物柴油低温流动特性,使生物柴油的凝点、冷滤点和运动粘度都能很好地得到改进.添加带有支链的油酸异丙酯可以很好地改进生物柴油的低温性能,但会使生物柴油运动粘度升高,选取适当的调合比例可以很好地改进生物柴油的低温流动性能.

Ditch oil and rubber seed oil are used as raw material to prepare correspondingbiodiesel, whose physi- cal and chemical performance index are then measured. The solidifying point and cold filter plugging point of ditch oil biodiesel is 3℃ and 6℃. The solidifying point and cold filter plugging point of rubber seed oil biodiesel is - 1 ℃ and 2℃. The kinematic viscosity at 40℃ is 5.78mm2/s and 5.0mmZ/s. Their poor low temperature fluidity seriously has significant negative influence on the usage and development of biodiesel. Based on the per- formance of pour point depressant I and pour point depressant II to the low temperature fluidity of ditch oil biodiesel and rubber seed oil biodiesel, the low temperature fluidity of biodiesel is improved when mixed with 0# diesel oil whose low temperature fluidity is better, making the solidifying point, cold filter plugging point and ki- nematic viscosity of biodiesel improve greatly. Blending oleic acid isopropyl ester with branched chain can im- prove the low temperature fluidity of biodiesel greatly while making kinematic viscosity of biodiesel rise. Choosing proper blending ratio can improve the low temperature fluidity of biodiesel effectively.