煤矿险兆事件主动上报意愿影响因素研究

Influencing factors of near-miss initiative report in coal mine

煤矿事故发生之前都会出现多次险兆事件,虽未造成伤亡或损失,但表明煤矿系统存在诸多安全隐患。对险兆事件进行管理必须依靠主动上报,如果对发现的险兆事件视而不见,或者管理层对上报的险兆事件不予处理,就会导致煤矿险兆事件管理的初始环节不能顺利展开,进而严重影响安全管理效果。为了研究提高煤矿险兆事件主动上报水平的措施,进一步提高煤矿风险预控管理效果,应用现场访谈和文献调研方法,对上报意愿影响因素进行归纳,梳理出了8个影响矿工不主动上报险兆事件的因素;然后通过编制调查问卷,利用SPSS17.0和探索性因子分析对问卷数据进行处理和分析,建立煤矿险兆事件主动上报意愿影响因素三级指标体系,通过G1赋权法确定了各层次指标权重,对影响险兆事件主动上报因素的三级指标进行了重要度分析,针对各个影响因素提出了可操作性的对策和建议。研究表明:矿工险兆事件主动上报水平事关煤矿事故防控水平,煤矿应该探明影响矿工险兆事件主动上报水平的因素,采取加强险兆事件方面教育或培训等措施,使管理者和矿工深刻了解险兆事件的概念、潜在危险性以及险兆事件管控的重要意义,以提升煤矿风险预控水平。

Abundant near-miss events will occur before serious coal mine accidents happen. Although these events didn＇t cause injury,fatality or losses,they indicated that there are still many potential hazards in the process of colliery system. If near-miss is ignored by staff and supervisors,the initial link of near-miss management will meet obstacles and affect the whole safety management program seriously.Thus,near-miss management must depend on initiative report. In order to investigate measures to improve near-miss initiative report level and enhance risk control management of coal mine,this paper,applying site interview and literature review,arranges and sums up the 8 influencing factors which can affect near-miss initiative report in coal mine; after compiling investigation questionnaire and analyzing statistic data with SPSS17. 0,the authors establish a three-level influencing factors system of near-miss initiative report and determine the importance analysis through G1 weighting method. Finally this paper purposes measures and suggestions for various influencing factors analyzed above. The study shows that near-miss initiative report level is essential for risk control management of coal mine enterprises. The coal mine companies should ascertain the influencing factors of near-miss initiative report and make intensive efforts,such as near-miss management training,to enhance the employees＇ concept knowledge,potential hazard identification consciousness and vital significance of near-miss management. At last,achieving improvement of risk control management in coal mine successfully.