人脐带间充质干细胞促进微粒皮复合异体皮移植修复兔皮肤创面的实验研究

Research on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells participating in micro-autografts with allogenic dermis overlaid for repairing skin defects

目的观察人脐带间充质干细胞(hUC-MSC)与大耳兔自体微粒皮复合同种异体皮移植促进修复其皮肤缺损创面的效果。方法取成年日本大耳兔8只,构建兔皮肤缺损模型,每2只兔交换移植反削断层皮,异体真皮面均匀黏附兔自体微粒皮。头侧创面为hUC-MSC移植组(A组)、尾侧创面为PBS液空白对照组(B组)。术后21 d观察创面情况,计算创面愈合率,进行统计学分析;术后28 d切取创面愈合区域组织,对标本行苏木精-伊红染色观察。结果术后21 d创面愈合率A组(85.1±4.0)%,高于B组(79.5±4.3)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。取材病理学观察可见两组组织均缺少皮肤附件;A组表皮层可发现表皮钉突样结构,而B组表皮层底部平坦,与基底结合较为疏松。结论推测hUC-MSC可促进创面微粒皮生长、扩展,缩短创面愈合时间,提高愈合质量。

Objective To explore the efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells（ hUC-MSC） participating in micro-autografts combined with allograft skin overlaid for repairing skin defects. Methods Eight adult Japanese Large-Ear Rabbits were randomLy divided into 4 groups（ n = 2）for operations. Acute full-thickness skin defects were inflicted on backs of two rabbits in every group at the same time as a wound model（ 2 skin defect wounds on a rabbit）,followed by covering with equal size allograft skin plus micro-autografts,and then injecting underneath with 2 different agents respectively,including hUC-MSC（ A group） and PBS（ B group）. Wound healing rate was determined at 21 d postoperation. HE staining of specimen was performed at 28 d after operation. Results Wound healing rate was higher in A group（ 85. 1 ± 4. 0） % than that in B group（ 79. 5 ± 4. 3） % at 21 d postoperation,there was a significant difference（ P〈0. 05）. By HE staining of specimen observation,there were lots of irregular collagen fibers,fibroblasts and Small vessels beneath the epidermis. Some rete pegs could be found in epidermis of A group,while epidermis＇ basal part of B group was smooth,which was loosely connected with tissues beneath. Conclusion hUC-MSC could promote the growth of micro-autografts and wound healing,shorten wound healing time and improve wound healing quality.