北京市城区失能老人家庭照顾者照顾负担现状及其影响因素的研究

Care burden and its influencing factors in family caregivers of disabled elderly in Beijing

目的了解城市失能老人家庭照顾者的照顾负担及其影响因素。方法采用方便抽样对北京市东城区744名失能老人的家庭照顾者应用照顾者负担量表(Zarit burden interview,ZBI)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scales,SDS)、社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale,SSRS)和自制人口社会学情况调查表进行调查,并对数据进行单因素分析和多因素分析。结果失能老人家庭照顾者的照顾负担总分为(40.3±15.2)分,多因素分析显示,失能老人的失能水平、照顾者是否与失能老人同住、照顾者的自我感觉健康状况、照顾者是否抑郁、社会支持水平是照顾负担的影响因素,多元相关系数R=0.546,决定系数R2=0.298。结论失能老人家庭照顾者的照顾负担处于中度水平,照顾者负担的影响因素来自失能老人以及照顾者多方面。

Objective To explore the prevalence of care burden and its influencing factors among the family caregivers of the disabled elderly. Methods A cross-sectional survey based on convenience sampling was conducted among744 family caregivers in Dongcheng district in Beijing. All subjects were interviewed by the Zarit Burden Interview（ ZBI）,the Self-Rating Depression Scale（ SDS）,Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS） and the general social and demographical material lists. Data were analyzed by single factor analysis and multivariate analysis. Results The total score of care burden among family caregivers was（ 40. 3 ± 15. 2）. The risk factors of caregivers＇ burden included Barthel index score of the disabled elderly,living with the care receiver,health status caregivers feeling,depression symptoms of the caregivers and social support level,and the multiple correlation coefficient（ R = 0. 546）,and the determination coefficient R^2= 0. 298.Conclusions The care burden of family caregivers was in a moderate level and was influenced by diverse care receiver and caregiver characteristics.