超微钴粉的液相合成及其对高氯酸铵的催化性能分析

Liquid Synthesis and Catalytic Properties on Ammonium Perchlorate of Ultrafine Cobalt Powders

以乙醇做溶剂,水合肼做还原剂,AgNO3为成核剂,由钴的氯化物经化学还原法低温合成了超微钴粉,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)等方法对产物的物相、颗粒尺寸及形貌进行了表征。通过控制反应温度、分散剂种类及氢氧化钠和氯化钴的质量比等条件来探究超微钴粉的实验条件对产物形貌及相组成的影响。实验结果表明,所制得的钴粉对固体火箭推进剂高氯酸铵(AP)有良好的催化效果,在NaOH与CoCl2的质量比为1∶2,反应温度为50℃时制备的产物催化性能最好,可使高氯酸铵的高温放热峰向低温方向移动212℃。

Ultrafine cobalt powers were synthesized by chemical reduction method from cobalt chloride at low temperature using ethnol as solvent,and hydrate as reducing agent.The phase constitution,particle size and morphologies of the prepared powders were characterized with X-Ray Diffraction（ XRD） and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy（ FESEM）.The phase constitution and morphologies of ultrafine cobalt powders were explored by controlling the reaction temperature,the type of dispersing agent and the mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to cobalt chloride.All of the as-prepared ultrafine cobalt powers had excellent catalytic properties.The ultrafine cobalt powers prepared at NaOH∶ CoCl2of 1∶ 2（ mass ratio） and reaction temperature of 50 ℃,which decreased the high temperature exothermic peak of AP by 212 ℃.