有机磷酸酯阻燃剂分析方法及其污染现状研究进展

Analytical methods and pollution status of organophosphate flame retardants

有机磷酸酯(OPEs)阻燃剂作为溴代阻燃剂的主要替代品,由于大量广泛使用并且极易释放到环境中而受到广泛关注.毒理学研究表明,多种OPEs具有明显的神经毒性、致癌性和基因毒性,对生态环境和人体健康造成潜在威胁.本文介绍了OPEs的使用现状、毒性效应、不同环境介质中的分析方法,及其在水环境系统中(水、污泥、沉积物和水生生物)的污染现状和迁移转化行为,最后指出了目前研究中存在的问题,并对未来研究进行了展望.在今后,应该加强污泥和沉积物等复杂环境基质中多种OPEs的分析方法研究;系统研究环境中OPEs的污染现状和迁移转化行为,并开展OPEs的环境风险和人体健康风险研究.

The occurrence of organophosphate esters（ OPEs）, as the main alternatives of brominated flame retardant,in the environment has become increasingly concerned since they are widely used and then easily released into the environment. Toxicity studies have shown that a variety of OPEs has obvious nerve toxicity,genetic toxicity and carcinogenicity,poses a potential threat to the ecological environment and human health. In this paper,the use and toxicological effects of OPEs are introduced. Then,the analytical methods of OPEs in various environmental samples are described. Also,the occurrence and transportation of OPEs in the environment,including water,sludge,sediment and biological samples,are summarized. Finally,the existing problem and future research directions are proposed. In the future,studies are needed to explore analytical methods of OPEs in complex samples such as sludge and sediment. In addition,systematic studies about the pollution status,transportation and transformation of OPEs in the environment should be enhanced.Moreover,risk assessment for aquatic organisms and human health of OPEs in the environment should be developed.