可视安全标记花青素合成途径相关基因在植物转化研究中的应用进展

Advances on Visible and Bio-safe Selectable Marker Genes for Plant Transformation: the Genes for Anthocyanin Biosynthesis

近年来有关转基因产品可能带来的环境和食品安全问题的争论多集中在作为标记基因的抗生素抗性基因以及抗除草剂基因的广泛使用。因此寻找安全、有效的标记基因替代上述有争议标记基因就显得十分必要和紧迫。花青素合成酶类及其合成调控因子可以控制植物体内的色素合成,一些转化研究已证明其转化体表型发生了颜色改变。加之花青素类物质是一些天然色素,对人类有利而无害,可以利用花青素的这些特点,将花青素合成酶类及其调控因子基因作为一类可视化、安全和有效的标记基因来转化植物。本文就可视安全标记花青素合成酶类基因及其调控基因在植物转化研究中的应用进展进行了简要介绍,以期为提高标记基因的安全性提供参考。

Controversy on environment and food safety of transgenic products mainly focused on its containing antibiotics and herbicides-tolerant genes as selectable marker genes in recent years. Therefore,it is necessary and urgent to find safer and more efficient marker genes as alternatives. Some pigments,such as anthocyanin,synthesis in plants are controlled by anthocyanin synthesis enzymes and transcriptional regulatory factors. Some studies have demonstrated that visible color changes occurred in transformed phenotype by introducing these genes into plants. In addition,the products or intermediate products in anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway are all natural pigments which are benefitial to human health. Therefore,the genes or transcriptional regulatory factors responsible for anthocyanin biosynthesis could be used as selectable marker gene in plant transformation. In this paper,we gave a brief introduction of the research progress on plant transformation with visible marker genes,which was expected to provide a reference for selectable marker safety.