2000-2013年云南省保山市疟疾流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Baoshan City Yunnan Province from 2000 to 2013

目的 分析保山市2000-2013年疟疾的流行特征,为保山市实现消除疟疾目标提供防控依据. 方法 根据我国传染病疫情网络数据,对2000-2013年保山市的疟疾疫情资料进行描述性流行病学分析. 结果 2000-2013年,保山市累计报告疟疾病例23 270例,平均发病率为68.2/10万,死亡36例,病死率为0.15％.其中,间日疟16 734例、恶性疟5 326例、卵形疟1例、三日疟4例、混合感染204例、未分型1 001例.年发病率为7.36/10万～163.40/10万.男女性别比为11.13∶1,发病以青壮年男性为主,20～40岁年龄组占发病的74.67％ （17 375/23 270）;农民和民工为主要发病人群,分别占发病总人数的65.20％、32.05％.县、区分布中,腾冲县发病最多,占发病总人数的57.28％ （13 328/23 270）,昌宁县最低,占发病总人数的1.39％ （323/23 270）;发病以输入性病例为主,占全部病例的96.79％ （22 524/23 270）.48.75％ （11 344/23 270）的病例发生在4-6月. 结论 保山市的疟疾以输入性为主,但防治成效较好,自2006年起发病率持续下降.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of malaria in Baoshan City from 2000 to 2013 so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control in Baoshan City for realizing the goal of eliminating malaria.Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on the epidemic monitoring data of malaria in Baoshan City from 2000 to 2013.Results A total of 23 270 malaria cases was reported in Baoshan City during the period from 2000 to 2013,The average incidence was 68.2/100 000,36cases were died with fatality rate of 0.15%.Among all malaria cases,16 734 cases were infected with P.vivax,while 5 326 cases with P.falciparum,1 case with P.ovale,4 cases with P.malariae,204 cases of mixed infection and 1 001 cases to be differentiated.The annual incidence was between 7.36 and 163.40 per 100 000 cases.The infection ratio of male/female was 11.13 ∶ 1.The majority of cases was young adult people,aged 20～40years old,accounted for 74.67%（17 375/23 270） of all cases.The major populations infected with malaria were farmers and migrant workers,accounting for 65.20% and 32.05% respectively.For county and district distribution,Tengchong County was the most endemic county,accounting for 57.28% （13 328/23 270）of all cases,Changning County was of lowest infection rate,accounting for 1.39% （323/23 270）of all cases.The imported cases was the majority,accounting for 96.79% （22 524/23 270）of all cases.48.75% （11 344/23 270）cases occurred from April to June in each year.Conclusion The majority of infection cases in Baoshan City was imported malaria,while the control effect was better.The infection rate has been declined continuously since 2006.