基于互惠和利他偏好的项目团队多主体合作行为

On Cooperative Behavior in Multi-Participants Project Team based on Reciprocity and Altruism Preferences

社会偏好是影响项目团队成员合作的重要因素之一。建立了互惠和利他偏好条件下的项目团队多主体合作模型,讨论了互惠和利他偏好对团队成员最优合作努力和生产努力的影响,并进一步深入讨论了互惠和利他偏好的相互影响。最后,通过数值分析对理论结论进行了检验。研究结果表明:①存在一个互惠偏好的临界值,使得当团队成员的互惠偏好程度低于该临界值时,提高互惠和利他偏好能够促进团队成员之间的合作,反之则不能提高团队成员之间合作;②互惠偏好对团队成员行为决策的影响与利润分享系数和协同产出系数直接相关,当利润分享或协同产出系数为0时,互惠偏好的变化不会影响团队成员的行为决策;③互惠和利他偏好对团队合作的影响具有相互促进的作用。最后,针对理论结论提出了相关的政策建议。

Social preference is one of the core factors that could influence cooperative behavior of team members in a project team.We build a cooperative model of multi-participant project team under reciprocity and altruism preferences,and discuss the influence of reciprocity and altruism preferences on optimal cooperative behavior and productive behavior.We further discuss interaction between reciprocity and altruism preferences,and test the theoretical results via numerical analysis.The results show that：（1）there exists a threshold value of reciprocity,which leads to positive impact of reciprocity and altruism preferences on cooperative behavioral choices of team members if their reciprocity preference value is lower than the threshold;otherwise there will be no influences;（2）the influences of reciprocity and altruism preferences on behavioral choice are closely related to profit share rate and coordination output coefficient.When they equal to zero,the changes of reciprocity preferences of team members cannot cause any changes of the behavioral decision of team members;（3）there is an interaction between the influences of reciprocity and the influences of altruism preference on the project team＇s cooperation.We make some political suggestions based on the research.