32份龙眼种质资源花氨基酸的分析评价

Analysis of Amino Acid in Dimocarpus Longan Lour Flower

以国家果树种质福州龙眼圃32份龙眼种质资源为材料,测定分析了其干花中18 种氨基酸的含量和组成,并对其营养模式进行分析评价.结果表明,龙眼花中总氨基酸含量（TAA）为8091.06mg·hg-1,其中谷氨酸含量最高为1008.26mg·hg-1,而胱氨酸含量最低仅为17.19mg·hg^-1,谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、赖氨酸、亮氨酸、精氨酸、缬氨酸、脯氨酸等7种氨基酸是龙眼花中主要的氨基酸,占TAA 含量的59.31%.不同龙眼种质资源中氨基酸积累差异明显,18种氨基酸的变异系数为11.00%～80.01%.营养评价分析表明,32份龙眼花中必需氨基酸（EAA）含量占TAA 含量的38.91% ～42.94%,2 份龙眼共有4 项优于氨基酸模式谱比例,（蛋氨酸＋胱氨酸）是龙眼花的第一限制氨基酸.龙眼种质资源花中还含有丰富的功能氨基酸和味觉氨基酸.通过聚类分析初步提出龙眼花氨基酸高、中、低分级标准,筛选出5份高氨基酸含量的龙眼特异资源.

The amino acid contents and types of longan flower were analyzed based on longan germplasm. The results showed that,total free amino acid content (TAA)was up to 8 091. 06 mg·hg-1 with all 18 amino acid types,among them the highest amino acid was Glutamic acid (1 008. 26 mg · hg-1 ),and the lowest was Cysteine (17. 19 mg · hg-1 ) . Glutamic acid,aspartic acid,lysine,leucine,arginine,valine,proline,seven amino acids were the major amino acids of longan flowers,accounting for 59. 31%TAA content. The difference of amino acid was great among the longan genotypes, and the coefficient of variation was from 11. 00% to 80. 01% in 18 amino acids. The nutrition analysis showed that,the ratio of essential amino acid to total amino acid was from 38. 91% to 42. 94%. There were two longan genotypes with 4 good amino acid model ratios,as for Shiyue longan and Dawuyuan. And (Methionine+Cysteine)was the first limiting amino acid. There were abundant in functional amino acid and tasted amino acid from different longan genotypes. The 3 grading criteria of total amino acid contents was proposed based on cluster analysis,and 5 longan genotypes with highest amino acid content was selected for special longan germplasm.