湖北典型生态区烤烟质量风格特征及其影响因子分析

Characteristics and their Influencing Factors of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Typical Regions in Hubei Province

为了弄清湖北典型生态区烤烟质量风格特征及其影响因子,选取了利川、宣恩、咸丰、兴山和房县5个产烟县(市)的12个试点,于2011—2013年连续3年测定了烤烟的产值、上等烟比例、初烤烟叶化学成分含量和感官质量指标及其影响因子。结果表明,5个县(市)烤烟的产值和上等烟比例存在显著差异。产值和留叶数与施氮量和施钾量呈显著正相关,上等烟比例与基肥中的施氮量和施磷量呈显著正相关。香气质与总糖、还原糖呈显著正相关,与烟碱呈显著负相关。香气量与总氮含量呈极显著正相关,与烟碱呈负相关,而与氮碱比呈极显著负相关。5个县(市)烤烟的化学成分变化较大,感官质量各具特色。利川、宣恩和咸丰烤烟具有武陵山地烟草本香和坚果香味,兴山和房县烤烟具有秦巴山地烟草本香和豆香香味。

In order to identify the influencing factors on flue-cured tobacco quality characteristics in typical ecological areas inHubei Province, Measurement was conducted at 12 sites in Lichuan, Xuanen, Xianfeng, Fang and Xingshan counties of HubeiProvince. Value of output, rate of first class tobacco, the chemical components of flue-cured tobacco, smoking quality indices andtheir determining factors were analyzed during 2011 and 2013 years. The results indicated that there were significant differences inthe value of output and rate of first class tobacco among the five counties. Both remained leaf number and output value weresignificantly and positively related to amount of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer applied. The rate of first class tobacco wassignificantly and positively related to basal application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Aroma quality was significantly andpositively related to content of total sugar and reducing sugar, but negatively related to nicotine content. Aroma quantity was verysignificantly and positively related to total nitrogen content, negatively related to nicotine content, and very negatively related to ratioof nitrogen to nicotine. Chemical components and smoking quality of flue-cured tobacco in these five counties changed greatly.Flue-cured tobacco in Lichuan, Xuanen and Xianfeng counties had the nut-like flavor and Wuling mountain local specialty.Flue-cured tobacco in Fang and Xingshan counties had bean-like flavor of Qingba mountains local specialty.