农村小学规模、地理位置与公用经费支出的关系——基于陕西省X县调查数据的实证分析

The Relationship between Scale, Geographic Locations and Public Expenditures of Rural Primary Schools, Based on the Empirical Analysis of the Sample X County in Shaanxi Province

基于公用经费支出与学校规模之间非线性变化的理论框架,利用陕西省X县423所农村小学的调研数据,对学校规模、地理位置与校际公用经费支出之间的关系进行了实证分析。结果表明:校际公用经费支出与学校规模之间呈现三次曲线关系,并具有良好的稳定性;与公用经费支出显著正相关的学校地理位置和教师数、寄宿生数的交互作用,对曲线形态无实质性影响,但使学校最优规模有所降低。实证结果在表明农村小学公用经费支出具有显著规模经济效应的同时,为改进公用经费的拨付模式提供了具有可操作性的参考依据。

Based on the theoretical framework of nonlinear variation between publicexpenditures and scale of schools,the article makes the empirical analysis of the relationship between scale of schools, geographic location and interschool publicexpenditures, using the survey data of 423 rural primary schools of X County in Shaanxi Province. The results show that the relationship between interschool public expenditures and scale of schools could be described by a cubic curve, and which has a good stability. The interaction effect between school＇s geographic locations, which has a significant positive correlation with public expenditures, and teacher number or resident student number, has no substantive influence on the curve form, but reduces the optimal scale of schools. The empirical research demonstrates that public expenditures on rural primary schools has significant scale economies effect, and offers a practical basis for improving the distribution of public expenditures.