元代科举对汉赋经典化的影响

Influence of Imperial Examination in Yuan Dynasty on Canonization of Han Fu

元代科举考试除经义之外,辞赋考试由律赋变为古赋,楚骚、汉赋成为文人士子创作学习的典范。这种变化,重新树立和建构汉赋的经典地位,建构的原则是在传统理论基础上把诗、骚和汉赋捆绑在一起,诗是骚之源,骚是赋之祖,汉赋是诗骚精神的体现,其讽喻功能与诗骚传统一脉相承。"祖骚而宗汉"成为共识,一代赋家举起了向古赋学习的大旗。科举影响下的汉赋选、汉赋评论以《古赋辨体》等为代表,肯定汉赋的价值,注重挖掘文本的内在"密码",引导读者欣赏和学习汉赋,并对元代的辞赋创作具有指导意义。

Besides Confucian classics,the test of Lü Fu was replaced by the ancient Fu in the imperial examinations of the Yuan Dynasty. Chu Sao and Han Fu became the models for scholars to follow in their literary creation and study,thus restoring and consolidating the status of Han Fu in Chinese classics. On the basis of traditional theory,The Book of Songs,Li Sao and Han Fu were grouped into the same genre,with its supposed function and the tradition of Shi Sao going down along the same continual line. The composers of Fu were all for 'absorbing the essence from Sao and Han Fu',advocating enthusiastically for learning from the ancient Fu. Gu Fu Bian Ti,an anthology with comments on Han Fu,affirmed the value of Han Fu and analyzed the hidden 'codes'of the text,which might usher readers into appreciation and study of Han Fu,thus guiding Ci Fu composition in the Yuan Dynasty.