分配正义视角下的中国农民工权益维护研究

Study on Safeguarding Rights and Interests of Rural Migrant Workers from Perspective of Distributive Justice

文章运用罗尔斯的正义论,以社会基本权利义务分配为切入点,认为当前我国农民工的经济、政治、文化、社会等权益维护缺乏正义。农民工权益维护缺乏正义的根源在于城乡二元经济、政治、文化、社会等体制安排阻碍了公民权利平等地分配给农民工,违背了分配正义的基本思想和价值追求。维护农民工权益的基本思路在于通过深化以城乡二元户籍制度为核心的城乡二元体制改革,加快建立城乡一体化劳动力市场、将农民工纳入城市社区管理范围、提高农民工文化技能水平、实现城乡社会一体化发展,构建具有内在公正性的合理社会制度,使农民工与城镇居民平等地分配社会基本权利和义务,在制度性合作的基础上促进分配正义的有效实现。

Based on John Rawls' theory of justice and with distribution of basic social rights and duties, this article holds that there is a lack of justice in safeguarding economic, political, cultural and social rights and interests of rural migrant workers. The root for lack of justice in safeguarding their rights and interests lies in that urban and rural dual system in terms of economy, politics, culture and society impedes equal distribution of rights and interests for rural migrant workers, which violates the basic concept and value orientation of dis-tributive justice. The basic thinking of safeguarding rural migrant workers is to deepen reform of urban and rural dual system with urban and rural household registration system as the core, accelerate the integrated urban and rural labor market, include rural migrant workers in-to the urban community management scope, improve the knowledge and skills of rural migrant workers, realize integrated urban and rural social development, set up a reasonable social system with intrinsic impartiality, so as to make equal distribution of basic social rights and interests between rural migrant workers and urban residents and achieve distributive justice based on institutional cooperation.