社会网络、信息获取与家庭创业收入——基于中国城乡差异视角的实证研究

Social Network,Information Acquisition and Households' Entrepreneurial Income:An Empirical Research Based on Perspective of Urban-rural Differences in China

基于2011年中国家庭金融调查(CHFS)数据和中国城乡差异的视角,本文实证研究了社会网络对家庭创业收入的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明,社会网络对城乡家庭创业收入具有显著的正向影响,但对社会交往面较广、交往对象趋于多样化的城镇家庭的积极作用更大,其作用机制在于社会网络通过拓宽家庭获取信息的渠道为其提供大量重要信息,从而有助于提高创业收入,而并非通过融资机制为其提供资金支持。对于家庭创业选择而言,由于需要依靠亲戚等家庭强关系提供物质资本支持,社会网络在资源约束程度更高的农村地区发挥着更为重要的作用,这意味着社会网络对家庭创业选择和创业收入的作用及其机制存在显著的城乡差异。

Based on the data of China Household Finance Survey（ CHFS） in 2011 and the perspective of urban-rural differences in China,this paper empirically studies the influence and mechanism of social network on households ＇ entrepreneurial income.The results indicate that social network has significant positive effects on urban and rural households ＇ entrepreneurial income,but the positive effects on urban households,whose social contact ties are broader and communication object tends to diversify,are greater.The mechanism is that social network could provide a large number of information for households through broadening the channels of accessing to information sources and thus contributes to increasing entrepreneurial income,but not through the financing mechanism which provides financial support.For households ＇ entrepreneurial choice,due to the requirement of depending on physical capital which is provided by strong family connections such as relatives,social network plays a more important role in the rural areas with a higher degree of resource constraints.This means that there are significant urban-rural differences in the effects and the mechanism of social network on households ＇entrepreneurial choice and income.