我国优秀运动员职业规划与就业创业指导体系研究

Career Planning and Employment-Undertaking Guidance System of Chinese Elite Athletes

开展我国优秀运动员职业规划与就业创业指导体系研究,对缓解退役运动员就业难问题和建设我国"可持续发展体育人才培养体系"具有重要意义。运用文献资料法、专家访谈法进行调查和研究。结论:1)由于组织安置和入学深造对运动成绩的要求较高,名额有限,大部分的退役运动员需要自主择业,但自主择业运动员的再就业状况堪忧;2)要彻底改变我国优秀运动员退役后再就业难的状况,就要打破现有的竞技体育的发展方式和体育人才的培养模式,但这是一个长期的过程,不可能一蹴而就。在我国现有的体育体制下,建立更完善的运动员职业规划与就业创业指导体系,是缓解我国优秀运动员退役后再就业难的比较可行的办法;3)我国优秀运动员职业规划与就业创业指导体系的构建要坚持"跨界整合、全面协调、科学发展"的原则,从职业转换路径、组织机构、培训内容、工作队伍和保障机制等方面进行。

To study Chinese elite athletes＇ career planning and employment-undertaking guidance system has important meaning to relieve difficult employment of retired athletes and to construct China＂the Sustainable Development of Sports Talents Training System＂. This paper used the methods of literature review,expert interview and conference discussion. Conclusions： 1） Due to the high requirement of athletic performance and limited quota on organizational placement or further study,most of retired athletes have to find job by themselves. Most of them will face a hard situation. 2） If we want to change the embarrass situation wholly,present development model of competitive sports and cultivation model of sports talent have to change. This is a long process. To construct a better career planning and employment-undertaking guidance system for athletes in China present sports system is a feasible way to solve the problem. 3） The construction needs to insist principles of ＂cross-border integration,comprehensive coordination,scientific development＂and be carried out in the following aspects,such as profession change way,organization,training,workforce,and security system.