刑事证明的两种模式

Two Models in Criminal Proof

根据对立法和司法实践的总结,我国的刑事证明模式可以概括为以直接证据为核心的验证模式和完全使用间接证据的体系模式。两种模式各有优势与不足。与体系模式相比,验证模式在认定案件事实可能达到的证明程度和难易程度上有其优势,但是在错误认定案件事实的可能性方面存在不足。与自由证明、法定证明、印证证明等理论相比,验证模式和体系模式的提出,推进了现有的刑事证明模式研究,弥补了证明过程和方式的研究空白,完善了刑事证明模式理论体系,为冤假错案出现的原因提供了一种解释理论。

According to legislation and judicial practice in China,the mode of criminal proof can be classified into two types. The validation mode is centered on the direct evidence,and the system mode depends on the circumstantial evidences. The validation mode has its advantages,such as improving the degree of testimony and relieving the difficulty of proof. Its disadvantages are obvious,which may result in the false determination of facts of cases. Compared with the free proof,the regulated proof and the verification mode,the validation mode and the system mode have independent academic values,including filling gaps in the area of proving method and process,and completing theoretical system about criminal proof. A new theory has been provided to explain the cause of unjust cases by the validation mode and the system mode.