3D打印技术的发展及其软件实现

The development of 3D printing technology and its software implementation

随着3D打印技术的不断发展,其已经超越传统单材均质加工技术的限制,成为可实现多材料、功能梯度材料、多色及真彩色表面纹理贴图制件的直接制造;可跨越多个尺度(从微观结构到零件级的宏观结构)直接制造;并与传统加工工艺结合,可实现多种兼顾精度和形状复杂度的新型加工方法.本文叙述了国内外上述技术的研究发展概况,并论述了传统建模技术、3D打印数据交换格式、数据处理软件架构等方面应对3D打印技术最新发展和挑战的对策.

With the continuous development of 3D printing（3DP） technology, the limitations of traditional single-material homogeneous processing technology have already been transcended. Parts with multi-materials,functionally graded materials（FGM）, or colorful and true color surface texture mapping can be manufactured directly, and such manufacturing can span multi-scales（from microstructure to macrostructure at the part level）.By combining 3DP with traditional processing technology, new processing methods with different types of both precision and geometric complexity can be achieved. In this paper, research and development on the aforementioned technologies at home and abroad are summarized, and the countermeasures required to meet the latest development of 3DP are discussed in terms of traditional modeling technology, 3DP data exchange format, and data processing software architecture.