城市区域热气候与风环境研究的技术手段概论

Technological Means of Study of Thermal Climate and Wind Environment in Urban District

随着绿色建筑、绿色生态城区规划设计和建设工作的推进,城市区域热气候与风环境问题已成为建筑环境等相关领域的热门课题之一,受到越来越大的关注。本文首先简单介绍了城市区域热气候与风环境问题的复杂性。然后结合自身科研经验,简要分析了主要的3类技术手段,即现场观测、模型/试样试验与数值模拟的工作原理、特点、适用性及应用时的注意事项,对各自今后的发展方向也进行了展望,以供从事该领域研究的科研人员或工程应用的技术人员参考。

In recent years, the planning, design and construction of green buildings and green eco-cities are in progress. Based on this background, the thermal climate and wind environment in urban district has become one of the most important hot issues in the research fields such as building environment. Firstly, in this paper, the extreme complexity of thermal climate and wind environment in urban district is introduced. Then, based on the author＇ s research experience, the principles, features, applicability and attention points of three main technologies, i. e. , on-site observation, model/test specimen experiment and numerical simulation, are briefly introduced and analyzed. Lastly, the developments of these technologies are predicted.