我国企业参与职业教育的困境及其突破——基于公共选择理论与劳动经济学的分析

The Approaches to Improving the Involvement of Chinese Enterprises in Vocational Education:Analysis based on Public Choice Theory and Labor Economics

本文运用公共选择理论和劳动经济学对企业参与职业教育的困境进行分析,指出造成这一困境最根本的因素在于大集团下的完全劳动力市场以及企业职业培训标准的缺失。而走出困境的办法则在于,一方面在分解大集团、成立小集团的基础上创造不完全劳动力市场机制,使企业能够从职业教育中得到合理回报;另一方面,制订开发受到企业和教育界共同认可的职业培训标准。在此基础上,本文提出了提高企业参与职业教育水平的具体建议。

The dilemma of enterprises＇ involvement in vocational education in China lies in the fact that, on the one hand, most enterprises do not have the motivation, and on the other hand many enterprises that are involved tend to regard the vocational school students doing internships as cheap labors. Applying the public choice theory and labor economics, this paper indicates that the main factors behind this dilemma are the complete labor market under the condition of large group and the lack of company vocational training standards. Solutions to this dilemma, this paper argues, are on the one hand to decompose large groups into small groups and to create the institution of incomplete labor market, so that the enterprises have incentives to get involved in vocational education, and on the other hand, to establish company vocational training standards that is recognized by all stakeholders. Based on the analysis above, certain suggestions are given to increase the level of enterprises＂ involvement in vocational education in China.