小儿手足口病的流行病学特征及预防

Epidemiological Characteristics and Prevention of Children With Hand Foot and Mouth Disease

目的：对小儿手足口病的流行病学特征进行分析，探讨小儿手足口病的预防策略。方法对2009年12月～2014年10月杨浦区托幼机构发生的2413例手足口病患儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析，总结小儿手足口病的流行病学特征和预防策略。结果小儿手足口病男性患儿多于女性，男女比例为1.42：1；患儿多见于学龄前儿童，3～5岁患儿居多，占总收治人数的86.74%，其中3岁儿童构成比例最高，占36.01%；全年均有发病，其中4～6月和9～11月为发病高峰期。结论应积极做好小儿手足口病高发季节的预防控制工作，早期诊断和早期治疗是降低发病率提高小儿手足口病治疗疗效的关键。

ObjectiveAnalyzethe epidemiological characteristics of hand foot mouth disease in children,to explore the children with hand foot mouth disease prevention strategies.Methods Retrospectively analyzethe clinical data of 2413 cases of children with hand foot and mouth disease from 2009 December to 2014 October in our hospital,to summarize the children with hand foot and mouth disease epidemiological characteristics and preventive strategies. Results The children with hand foot and mouth disease in male patients than female,the scale was 1.42：1; more children are common in preschool children,3~5 years old children are admitted to the total number of 86.74%,of which 3 years old children constitute the highest proportion 36.01%; annual incidence,while 4~6 and 9~11 month is the peak incidence.Conclusion We should actively do a good job of prevention and control of the high season of children with hand foot and mouth disease,early diagnosis and early treatment is the key to reduce the incidence of children with hand foot mouth disease to improve treatment efficacy.