神经外科气管切开术后并发症及其预防处理

Treatment and Prevention of Postoperative Complicationsin Neurosurgery Tracheotomy

目的对神经外科气管切开患者术后的并发症进行分析,探讨预防控制策略。方法回顾分析我院368例神经外科气管切开患者,观察术后并发症的发生。结果 368例神经外科气管切开术患者中有35例患者出现并发症,发生率为9.51%,其中包括7例切口内出血(1.90%),3例气管内出血(0.81%),13例堵管(3.53%),3例气胸(0.81%),3例纵隔气肿(0.81%),3例皮下气肿(0.81%),3例脱管(0.81%)。结论气管切开术为神经外科治疗常用的辅助措施,手术过程中如果处理不当很容易发生并发症,危及患者生命,因此应积极预防并发症的发生,要求神经外科医生不仅要有扎实的外科基本功,还要熟悉颈部的解剖知识,才能有效减少并发症的发生。

Objective To analyzeneurosurgical complications after tracheotomy patients,discussed prevention and control strategies.Methods Retrospective analysis of 368 cases neurosurgery tracheotomy patients in our hospital, the occurrence of postoperative complications and factors observed.Results 368 cases of neurosurgery tracheotomy patients,35 patients had complications,the rate was 9.51%,including 7 cases of incision bleeding （1.90%）,three cases of tracheal bleeding （0.81%）,13 cases of blocked tubes （3.53%）,3 cases of pneumothorax （0.81%）,three cases of mediastinal emphysema （0.81%）, three cases of subcutaneous emphysema （0.81%）,three cases of detached （0.81%）.Conclusion Tracheotomy for neurosurgical treatment of common support measures,if not handled properly during surgery are prone to complications,endangering the lives of patients,and therefore should actively prevent complications,requiring a neurosurgeon not only have a solid Surgery basic skils,but also familiar with the anatomy of the neck,in order to effectively reduce the incidence of complications.