美国新闻精英之集体“素描”——普利策新闻奖得主的社会学特征(1917-1998)

U.S.News Elites' Collective Portrait:Sociological Attributes of the Pulitzer Prize Winners(1917-1998)

普利策新闻奖得主在美国是一个引人注目的新闻精英群体。本文利用《普利策奖得主名人录》一书提供的丰富的传记信息,对于1917-1998年间600多位普利策新闻奖得主的社会学特征进行了系统的分析。研究发现:普利策新闻奖是一个由男性所统治的职业荣誉场域;普利策新闻奖得主在出生地和工作机构上的分布很不均衡;25至54岁这三十年是美国新闻从业者获取普利策新闻奖的黄金时期;约五分之一的美国籍获奖者曾就读于常春藤盟校;普利策新闻奖得主在宗教信仰方面有别于美国新闻从业者总体。

The Pulitzer Prize-winners in journalism is a noticeable group of news elites in the United States. This article systematically analyzes the sociological attributes of more than 600 winners during 1917-1998, according to rich biographical information provided by the book ＂Who＇s Who of Pulitzer Prize Winners＂.It finds that the Pulitzer Prize in journalism is a male- dominated field of professional honor, that the distributions of winners in terms of both birth place and media organization are very unbalanced,that the age rangefrom25 to 54 is the prime periodfor American journalists to compete for the Pulitzer Prize,that about one fifth of the winners of American nationality once studied at universities of the Ivy League,that the winners are different in religion from the population of American journalists.