清代咸同时期战时筹饷与淮盐湘岸旧制规复

The Provision of Munitions Raising in the Wartime of Xianfeng and Tongzhi together with the Recovery of the “Cited Shore” System of Huai Salt in Hunan

太平天国战争爆发后,在淮盐行销的湖南省内,太平军及私盐攘夺淮盐利益,粤盐、川盐亦不断涌入湘岸市场,统兵将帅在湘岸采取各种变通办法筹措军饷,导致湘岸旧制趋于肢解。战争后期,两江总督曾国藩着手规复湘岸旧制,但兼顾安庆粮台军费筹措,盐价较高,复旧方案难以推行。同治年间,湖南援黔军饷紧张,湘抚刘崐奏请粤盐销湘,设卡抽厘,遭到两江总督曾国藩坚决反对。王文韶任职湘抚后,由于曾氏与王氏交谊融洽,两江对湖南筹饷格外的照顾和支持,使得湖南与两江最终达成一致意见,两江基本收复湘岸引地。

After the outbreak of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom War, the illegal salt such as Yue salt and Chuan salt had been constantly entered the market of Hunan, the Taiping troops and illegal salt had grabbed for market of Huai salt in the same time. Generals took the ways as many as possible in Hunan province for the sake of raising military supplies, which cast outdated the old system of Huai salt gradually. Zeng Guofan tried to make the old system of Huai salt in Hunan be recovered as the war narrowed, however, the instauration scheme was difficult to implement. His raising military provisions for ＂grain office＂ of Anqing also pushed up the price of Huai salt. During the years of Tongzhi, Liu Kun, the conservative governor of Hunan, suggested that transport services for Yue salt offered by offical in some places in Hunan, however, his proposals was firmly rebuffed by Zeng Guofan. After Wang Wenshao came into office, the situation became better, as a result of companionship between Zeng and Wang, the ＂Cited Shore＂ system of Huai salt in Hunan was recovered basically at last.