义务教育均衡发展背景下农村学校规模对教育质量的影响

Rural School Size and Educational Quality:Impacting Factors and Policy Suggestions

学校撤并前后,西北六县的学校数量大幅减少,而学校规模、平均班级规模和学校班级数明显扩大。学校规模对数学、语文成绩合格率具有显著的负影响,对辍学率具有显著的正影响。此外,"经历学校撤并学生比例"对教育质量也产生了负面影响。由此,义务教育均衡发展进程中,应确保农村学校规模适度,以教育质量提升和公平原则为优先,并理顺大规模和小规模学校的关系,促进农村学校多元化发展。

The survey result shows that, broadly, the number of school decreased and the size of school, class and the number of class increased sharply after school consolidation. On the other hand, at the micro level, the size of school negatively affects the mathematic and Chinese performance, and positively affects drop-out rate.Additionally, other variables such as family income, school fund, and individual factors also have impacts on educational quality, especially the factor of ＂experienced school consolidation＂ has negative affect on educational quality. Thus, on this basis, in further policy implementation, the size of school should be restricted according to a certain standard, policy makers should take improving educational quality and equality principle as priority, as well as pay equal attention to straighten out the relationship between large and small size schools.