中国产业转移趋势特征和影响因素研究——基于上市公司微观数据的分析

The Study of the Trend and the Influencial Factors of Industry Transference in China: Analysis on Listed Companies

基于长三角和珠三角地区遍及29个细分行业的498家上市公司的微观投资数据,对2000—2010年期间产业转移的总体趋势和时空演变特征进行实证分析,并进一步探讨影响产业转移的因素。结果表明:在行业分布上,产业转移大致按照"劳动密集型—资本和资源密集型—技术密集型"的方向进行;在地区选择上,产业转移沿着"东部沿海地区—中西部地区—海外地区"的顺序梯度进行;要素成本、区位环境和制度环境因素是产业转移的重要影响因素。因此,内陆地区既要加快高铁等基础设施建设,弱化区位劣势以有效降低要素运输成本,又要提高政府效率以降低交易成本,最终实现东中西部地区间产业的有序转移和协同发展。

This paper empirically analyzes the trend and characteristics of industry transference based on micro investment data of 498 listed Companies which involve in 29 industries in Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta region during the period of 2000 - 2010, and explores impacts of industry transference. The study shows that： Firstly, these industries transferred with a certain order of labor - intensive industry, capital- intensive or resource-intensive industry and technology-intensive industry sequentially; Secondly, they have transferred from the eastern coastal areas to the Midwest and then to overseas; Thirdly, factor cost, location and institutional environment are important factors. Therefore, the inland areas should not on- ly reduce transportation costs by accelerating the construction of high - speed rail and other infrastructure, but also reduce transaction cost by improving government efficiency, and ultimately achieve an orderly in- dustry transference between eastern and Midwest areas.