海洋强国崛起的经验总结及中国的现实选择

Experience of Marine Power and Realistic Choice of China

海洋强国既是依托海洋实现国家崛起、强大的漫长过程,也是在海洋领域拥有强大综合实力和国际影响力的国家实现崛起的目标。建设海洋强国已成为中国21世纪面临的时代命题,中国必须建设海洋强国以巩固陆地经济建设成果,制约美国海洋霸权主义,建设"国际和谐海洋"。在海洋强国崛起的过程中,中国既不受诸如葡萄牙、西班牙、荷兰、英国等早期欧洲殖民海洋强国陆地资源匮乏的局限,又能够超越美国海洋强国的霸权主义范式,同时能够汲取古代中国在海洋领域只"崛起"不"强国"的教训,从而建设海陆经济一体化、海洋权益得以维护、海洋资源可持续开发、海洋贸易通道畅通、海洋国际影响力扩大的海洋强国,开辟中国崛起的新道路。

Marine power is a long process in which a nation becomes powerful and grows up by the marine. Marine power is also the goal of maritime rise of a nation which has strong comprehensive strength as well as international influence in the understanding, development, utilization, and management of the marine. In the twenty-first century, it is necessary to build China into a maritime power in order to consolidate the achievements of land economy, surmount American ocean hegemony and construct the 'international harmonious ocean'. During its maritime rise, China is neither confined by a shortage of land resources such as in Portugal, Spain, Netherlands, Britain or other early European colonial maritime powers, nor does it have to follow the path of the US maritime hegemony. In the meantime, China has yet to learn from the lessons of the ancient history where its maritime rise failed to translate into a strong maritime power status. Building China into a maritime power will not only promote the integration of its land and marine economy and safeguard its maritime rights and interests, but it will also enhance the sustainable development of ocean resources, protect international trade routes and develop its international marine influence.