同轴电纺法制备纳米空心碳纤维

Fabrication of Hollow Carbon Fibers through Coaxial Electrospinning

高压静电纺丝的基本原理是高分子溶液在静电力的作用下产生弯曲失稳而被拉伸形成微纳米纤维。同轴电纺技术是对常规静电纺丝的改进,可用于制备复合或空心微纳米纤维。为制备纳米空心碳纤维,利用同轴电纺法进行了实验,讨论了溶液质量分数、界面张力等对纤维形貌的影响,表征了核-壳空心结构对碳纤维晶体结构的影响。实验结果表明:较高的壳溶液质量分数以及壳溶液与核溶液之间较低的界面张力有利于电纺过程中同轴复合纤维的形成;获得的空心碳纤维的晶体结构与传统实心碳纤维相比无明显差异。

Electrospinning technique is basically having polymer solution bended through electrostatic force and then curved and extended into nanofibers. Coaxial electrospinning technique is an improvement over conventional electrospinning, which could be used to fabricate composite or hollow fiber. To fabricate hollow carbon nano-fibers, we conducted experiments using coaxial electrospinning. The effect of shell solution＇s concentration and interfacial tension between shell solution and core solution on fiber morphology is discussed according to the experimental results. The influence of hollow structure on the fiber＇s crystal structure is also investigated. The results show that high shell concentration and low interfacial tension between shell solution and core solution favor the formation of core-shell structure for electrospinning the coaxial composite fiber; the obtained hollow carbon nano-fibers has crystal structures similar to that of conventional solid carbon fibers.