中国麻醉药品管理历史沿革及医疗机构麻醉药品管理

History of narcotics administration in China and its management in medical institutions

目的:简述中国麻醉药品管理的历史沿革及医疗机构麻醉药品的管理,为临床医护人员了解我国麻醉药品管理的历史与现状及其法规体系相关内涵变化提供参考。方法:通过查阅相关文献,梳理我国麻醉药品管理的相关法规,探索我国麻醉药品管理法规体系及医疗机构麻醉药品管理内涵的变化。结果:我国麻醉药品管理在管理体系上经历了建国初期以"通令"、"指示"等行政管理手段为主导的管理模式到法制管理体系的建立等几个不同阶段;在管理内涵上坚持了"保证麻醉药品在医疗、科研的合理使用及防止其流弊"两条主线齐抓共管的管理宗旨;与此同时,《麻醉药品管理条例》的历次修订其"使用"章节的内涵均有较大变化,主要体现在内容的扩展及管理理念的变化两个方面。结论:麻醉药品管理的相关法规随时代的变化而不断规范与完善,为确保麻醉药品对所需患者的合理使用和防止其流弊发挥更大作用。

OBJECTIVE To briefly introduce the history of narcotics administration in China and narcotics administration in medical institutions,provide references for clinical healthcare professionals to understand the history and current status of narcotics administration in China,and learn the changes of connotations of relevant law and regulation.METHODS By means of looking through relevant literatures,combing relevant regulations on narcotic drugs management in China,changes of regulating system for narcotics in China and connotation of narcotics administration in medical institutions were explored.RESULTSNarcotics management in China had experienced different stages,such as＂general order＂and＂directions＂to the stage of legal construction.For enhanced administration,we adhered to the principle to ＂ensure rational use of narcotics in medical treatments and scientific researches,and avoid abuse＂.Meanwhile,Regulations on Administration of Narcotic Drugs had been revised for every edition,and relevant regulating clauses were changed greatly to enrich regulating principles and improving administrating idea.CONCLUSION Relevant regulations on narcotics administration must be standard and consummated by the changes of times,to ensure rational use in relevant patients and avoid abuse by other people.