黑胸散白蚁末龄若虫蜕皮羽化行为观察

Molting and emergence behavior of the last instar nymph of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder

【目的】了解黑胸散白蚁Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder末龄若虫的蜕皮羽化行为。【方法】室内恒温（26±0.5）℃恒湿（75%±5%）饲养黑胸散白蚁末龄若虫,间隔一定时间进行观察记录。【结果】黑胸散白蚁末龄若虫蜕皮羽化时间持续2~8 h。蜕皮一般从末龄若虫胸腹部交界处背部开始破裂,从腹末、翅末、足端、口器末端或触角端脱落,50%以上的正常羽化蜕皮是从腹末端脱落。初始羽化成虫为白色,随后身体和翅的颜色逐渐加深和变黑,羽化8~12 h后,虫体整体颜色变为黑色。室内观察结果还表明,34.7%的末龄若虫无法正常羽化。【结论】黑胸散白蚁末龄若虫蜕皮羽化持续时间较短,蜕皮一般是从胸腹部交界处背部开始破裂,但可从不同部位脱落,且蜕皮羽化行为容易受到外界环境的影响。

[Objectives] To study the molting and emergence behavior of the last instar nymph of Reticulitermes chinensis Snyder. [Methods] Last instar nymphs were maintained in a laboratory at （26±0.5）℃ and 75%±5% RH, and their development observed and recorded at regular time intervals. [Results] Molting required 2-8 h to complete. The ecdysis generally began to crack from the dorsal junction of the thorax and abdomen, then became detached from the ends of abdomen, wing, leg, mouthparts or antenna. More than 50% of normal ecdysis was from the end of abdomen. The color of newly emerged adults was white, but the body and wings gradually became black 8-12 h after emergence. In addition, 34.7% of the last instar nymphs did not emerge successfully under laboratory conditions. [Conclusion] The molting process of the last instar nymph was relatively short and ecdysis generally began from the dorsal junction of the thorax and abdomen. Molting and emergence behavior were easily affected by the external environment.