新疆布尔津县天然林生态系统服务功能评估

Assessment of natural forest ecosystem services in Buerjin County,Xinjiang

采用涵养水源、保育土壤、固碳释氧、积累营养物质、净化大气环境、生物多样性保护和森林游憩7项功能10个指标,以2001、2006和2011年布尔津县天然林区一类连清数据为基础,评估了新疆布尔津县天然林生态系统服务功能价值。结果表明:新疆布尔津县天然林资源的面积和蓄积量平均值分别为77 047.98 hm2和1 751.13万m3,各年森林面积分别为72 927.76、77 872.02和82 816.27 hm2;蓄积量分别为1 675.55万、1 762.76万和1 815.07万m3。新疆布尔津县天然林生态系统服务功能价值平均为50.34亿元/a,各年价值分别为41.80亿、51.72亿和57.50亿元。从不同生态系统服务功能项看,生物多样性保护功能价值量最大,平均为35.59%;森林游憩价值增幅最大,2006年森林游憩价值是2001年的35.95倍;不同林分类型生态系统服务价值与其对应的林分面积排序一致。这说明布尔津县在实施天然林保护工程以来,森林面积、蓄积量及其生态系统服务价值都有明显的增加。

We evaluated the value of natural forest ecosystem services, based on seven ecological services （ten indices） of water conservation, soil conservation and fertility maintenance, CO2 fixation and Oz generation, nutriment accumulation, air purification, biodiversity protection, and forest recreation, with the use of Type I inventory data of natural forests in Buerjin County of Xinjiang in 2001, 2006, and 2011. Results showed that the average area of natural forests is 77 047.98 ha with 72 927.76 ha in 2001, 77 872.02 ha in 2006, and 82 816.27 ha in 2011. The average volume of natural forests was 17. 511 3 million m3 , 16. 755 5 million m3 in 2001 , 17. 627 6 million m3 in 2006 and 18. 150 7 million m3 in 2011. The average annual value of natural forest ecosystem services in Buerjin County was 5. 034 billion RMB from an estimate of 4. 180 billion in 2001 5. 172 billion in 2006 and 5. 750 billion in 2011. Among the various ecosystem services, the largest value is attributed to biodiversity protection, accounting for 35.59% . In contrast, the greatest increase was in the value from forest recreation, which was 36 times higher in 2006 than in 2001. The values of ecosystem services of various forest types correspond with the size of their areas. This suggests that the area, volume and value of natural forest ecosystem services in Buerjin County have significantly increased after implementing natural forest protection projects.