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华北落叶松蓄积量及生产力研究 被引量:24

Stock volume and productivity of Larix principis-rupprechtii in northern and northwestern China
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摘要 以华北落叶松为研究对象,通过对林分每木调查研究了林龄、立地条件、初植密度、林分保留密度、整地方式等因素对华北落叶松人工林蓄积量的影响,分析了河北省塞罕坝地区华北落叶松人工林的生产力,并对河北、内蒙古、山西、陕西、宁夏5个省(区)的华北落叶松人工林生产力进行了综合比较。结果表明:1)华北落叶松人工林蓄积量随林龄增加而先增加后减小,39年生林分蓄积量最大为193.5 m3hm2。2)曼甸、阴坡厚土、阳坡薄土3种立地条件下华北落叶松林分蓄积量为:曼甸(98.55~288.90 m3hm2)〉阴坡厚土(59.10~263.10 m3hm2)〉阳坡薄土(45.60~176.10 m3hm2)。3)初植密度为4 995株hm2的林分蓄积量(53.94 m3hm2)显著高于初植密度3 330株hm2(24.89 m3hm2)。4)不同林分保留密度下,林分蓄积量随着林分保留密度的增大而增加,975株hm2林分(98.68 m3hm2)〈1 500株hm2林分(122.37 m3hm2)〈1 950株hm2林分(128.51 m3hm2)〈2 475株hm2林分(137.57 m3hm2)〈3 150株hm2林分(138.02 m3hm2)。5)机械、人工2种不同整地方式下林分蓄积量差异不显著(P〉0.01),机械整地的林分蓄积量为150.70 m3hm2,略高于人工整地林分(150.68 m3hm2)。6)塞罕坝地区华北落叶松林分生产力随着林龄的增加呈单峰曲线变化,以26~30年生林分的生产力最大,为5.72 m3(hm2·a),11~15年生林分生产力最小,为3.22 m3(hm2·a),45年以上林分为3.92 m3(hm2·a)。7)不同地区华北落叶松林分生产力为:山西6.78~16.57 m3(hm2·a)、河北6.13~9.74 m3(hm2·a)、内蒙古5.20~9.90 m3(hm2·a),3个地区显著大于陕西的2.41~4.59 m3(hm2·a)及宁夏的1.83~3.92 m3(hm2·a)。该研究明确了林分蓄积量对各影响因子的响应,展现了塞罕坝地区华北落叶松人工林生产力概况以及不同省(区)华北落叶松人工林生产力的差异,为华北落叶松的经营管理提供了有效的参考和借鉴。 With Larix principis-rupprechtii as research subject, we studied the influence of stand ages, site conditions, initial densities, stand reserved densities and land preparation methods on the stock volume of L. principis-rupprechtii by survey of individual tree. Then we analyzed the productivity of L. principis-rupprechtii in Saihanba of Hebei Province and comprehensively compared the productivities of L. principis-rupprechtii in Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Ningxia provinces in northern and northwestern China. The results were as follows: 1 ) stock volume of L. principis-rupprechtii increased first and then decreased with the increase of stand age, and the stock volume of 39-year-old forest was the maximum with 193. 5 m3∕hm2 . 2 ) L. principis-rupprechtii stock volumes in 3 site conditions ranked in Mann (98. 55-288. 90 m3∕hm2 ) > rich ubac ( 59. 10 -263. 10 m3∕hm2 ) > thin adret ( 45. 60 -176. 10 m3∕hm2). 3) Stock volume with the initial density of 4 995 plants per hectare (53. 94 m3∕hm2) was significantly higher than that with 3 330 plants per hectare ( 24. 89 m3∕hm2 ) . 4 ) Stock volume increased with increasing stand reserved density, that was as 975 plants per hectare (98. 68 m3∕hm2 ) <1 500 plants per hectare ( 122. 37 m3∕hm2 ) < 1 950 plants per hectare ( 128. 51 m3∕hm2 ) < 2 475 plants per hectare (137. 57 m3∕hm2) < 3 150 plants per hectare (138. 02 m3∕hm2). 5) Stock volumes with both mechanical ( 150. 70 m3∕hm2 ) and artificial land preparation ( 150. 68 m3∕hm2 ) were not significantly different ( P > 0. 01 ) , i. e. , mechanical was slightly higher than the artificial land preparation. 6 ) With the age increasing, the productivity of L. principis-rupprechtii in Saihanba was described as a single peak curve, the maximum for 26 -30 years stands with 5. 72 m3∕(hm2·a), the minimum for 11-15 years stands with 3. 22 m3∕( hm2·a) , and over 45 years stands with 3. 92 m3∕( hm2· a). 7) Regarding different regions, the productivities of L. principis-rupprechtii in Shanxi (6. 78-16. 57 m3∕( hm2·a ) ) , Hebei ( 6. 13 -9. 74 m3∕( hm2·a ) ) and Inner Mongolia ( 5. 20 -9. 90 m3∕( hm2·a ) ) were remarkably more than that in Shaanxi (2. 41 -4. 59 m3∕(hm2·a)) and Ningxia(1. 83 -3. 92 m3∕( hm2 ·a ) ) . This study identifies the response of stock volume to main factors and presents the productivity overview of L. principis-rupprechtii in Saihanba and differences of L. principis-rupprechtii productivity in different regions of northern and northwestern China, and provides effective references for the management of L. principis-rupprechtii forests.
出处 《北京林业大学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2015年第2期24-31,共8页 Journal of Beijing Forestry University
基金 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(TD2011--08) 林业公益性行业科研专项(201004021)
关键词 蓄积量 生产力 华北落叶松 经营管理因子 stock volume productivity Larix principis-rupprechtii management factor
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