感应电渣熔铸WC颗粒增强钢基复合材料的力学性能研究

Mechanical Properties of WCP Reinforced Steel Matrix Composite Fabricated by Inductive Electroslag Casting

采用电渣熔铸技术,制备了以5Cr Ni Mo模具钢为基体,WC颗粒为硬质相的钢基复合材料。利用扫描电子显微镜、冲击试验机、摩擦磨损试验机等研究了复合材料的冲击韧度、断口形貌、摩擦系数、磨损量和磨损机制。结果表明,复合材料冲击韧度值较小,断裂方式均是脆性断裂。顶部和中部试样分布着沿晶或穿晶二次裂纹,为解理断裂。尾部试样部分区域具有一些韧性特征,断口为细韧窝和部分沿晶断口。热处理后试样的耐磨性得到很大提高,在干滑动磨损条件下,试样的磨损机制主要是粘着磨损引起的表面剥落及磨屑充当第三体引起的磨粒磨损。

The 5CrNiMo steel matrix composite material, which was reinforced by WC particles, were fabricated by inductive electroslag casting. Impact tester, friction and wear tester and scanning electronic microscope （SEM） were employed to investigate the impact toughness, friction coefficient and microstructure of the composite. The results show that impact toughness of all samples is little and the fracture type is brittle. There are intergrain crack and transgrain crack distributing on the fracture of the samples from top and middle of specimen. The sample from bottom has a ductile fracture which consists of tiny dimple and intergrain crack. The abrasive resistance is improved greatly after heat treatment. The wear mechanism is surface falking caused by adhesive wear and abrasive wear which is caused by third part of debris.