《行政诉讼法》的“变革”与“踟蹰”

The Administrative Procedure Law's Change and Hesitation

我国行政审判面临的现实困境是《行政诉讼法》修改的现实背景和动因。本次修法大体遵循了经验主义为主、制度设计为辅的路径,靶标行政诉讼"立案难"、"审理难"和"执行难",对相应的制度进行了修正或者增补,并且注重与外部救济制度的协调,具有较强的针对性和解释力。然而,立法理念和路径选择的偏好决定了本次修法仍显保守与踟蹰:宏观上回应国家治理现代化诉求乏力,微观上部分制度存在空白或者仍有缺陷,欲达致"理想的行政诉讼法"尚需要更深刻的变革。

The background and motication of the amendmen is the realistic predicament in the administrative adjudicationt. Empiricism is given priority to system design in the amendment, which aims at resolving the difficulties in registering, trial and enforcement. The corresponding system gets amended and supplemented, and pays more attention to the coordination with the judicial relief system, so the amendment gets strong pertinence and explanatory power. However, the legistative idea and the preference in the path selection determine the amendment＇ s conservation and hesitation. On one hand, at macro level, the response to the appeal to the national management modernization is weak, and on the other hand, at micro level, some regulations are absent or defective, so more profound amendment is needed for a ＂perfect and ideal administrative procedure law＂.