留守儿童个体歧视知觉与应付方式关系

Association of perception of personal discrimination with coping style among left-behind children

目的探讨留守儿童个体歧视知觉与应付方式的关系,为保障留守儿童心理健康成长提供理论依据。方法使用自编个体歧视知觉问卷(PPDQ)与应付方式问卷(CSQ)对333名小学六年级的留守与非留守儿童进行调查分析。结果留守儿童个体歧视知觉问卷中总个体歧视知觉、思想观念歧视知觉、行为接触歧视知觉、不良影响归因歧视知觉、犯错倾向歧视知觉、被对待方式歧视知觉因子分分别为(1.37±0.41)、(1.21±0.43)、(1.31±0.59)、(1.38±0.59)、(1.31±0.58)、(1.64±0.67)分,应付方式问卷中自责、合理化因子分分别为(0.41±0.28)、(0.45±0.24)分,均高于对照组(P<0.05);总个体歧视知觉对其自责(β=0.269,P=0.000)与合理化(β=0.228,P=0.002)有正向预测作用,对其解决问题(β=-0.178,P=0.016)有负向预测作用;被对待方式歧视对其自责(β=0.252,P=0.001)与合理化(β=0.238,P=0.001)有正向预测作用,行为接触歧视对其求助(β=-0.169,P=0.022)有负向预测作用,不良影响归因歧视对其解决问题(β=-0.152,P=0.040)有负向预测作用。结论个体歧视知觉对留守儿童应付方式产生消极影响。

Objective To study the association of perception of personal discrimination with coping style among left-behind children and to provide evidences for mental health promotion among the children. Methods Using a self-developed perception of personal discrimination questionnaire（ PPDQ） and coping style questionnaire（ CSQ）,we surveyed159 left-behind children and 146 non left-behind children. Results Compared to the non left-behind children,the left-behind children had significantly higher domain scores of PPDQ for overall（ 1. 37 ± 0. 41）,idea（ 1. 21 ± 0. 43）,contact behavior（ 1. 31 ± 0. 59）,adverse influence contribution（ 1. 38 ± 0. 59）,mistake-making tendency（ 1. 31 ± 0. 58）,and the way to be treated（ 1. 64 ± 0. 67） perception of personal discrimination and higher domain scores of CSQ for self-blame（ 0. 41 ± 0. 28） and rationalization（ 0. 45 ± 0. 24）（ all P〈0. 05）. The overall perception of personal discrimination showed positive function in predicting self-blame（ β = 0. 269,P = 0. 000） and rationalization（ β = 0. 228,P = 0. 002） and negative function in predicting solving problems（ β =- 0. 178,P = 0. 016）; the perception of personal discrimination for the way to be treated had positive function in predicting self-blame（ β = 0. 252,P = 0. 001） and rationalization（ β = 0. 238,P = 0. 001）; the perception of personal discrimination for contact behavior had negative function in predicting seeking help（ β =- 0. 169,P = 0. 022）; the perception of personal discrimination for adverse influence contribution had negative function in predicting solving problems（ β =- 0. 152,P = 0. 040）. Conclusion The perception of personal discrimination has negative influence on coping style among left-behind children.