孕期膳食营养指导对孕期营养状况及妊娠结局影响

Effects of pregnancy diet nutrition guidance on nutrition condition and pregnancy outcome among pregnant women

目的探讨孕期膳食营养指导对孕妇营养状况及妊娠结局的影响。方法 2012年10月—2013年10月,对在沈阳市和平区妇幼保健所进行孕期保健的500名孕妇随机分为观察组和对照组,分别给予常规健康指导和规范的个体化膳食营养指导及常规性孕期健康指导,分析2组孕妇孕晚期体内营养素水平及分娩结局的差异。结果观察组和对照组孕妇妊娠高血压的发生率分别为3.7%和8.3%,巨大儿发生率分别为4.1%和8.7%,宫内发育迟缓率分别为3.3%和7.9%,观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论加强孕妇孕期膳食营养指导可以改善其营养状况,预防和降低不良妊娠结局的发生。

Objective To explore effects of diet nutrition guidance on nutrition status and pregnancy outcome among pregnant women. Methods During the period of October 2012 through October 2013,500 healthy pregnant women participated in this study. According to the principle of voluntary,the pregnant women were randomly divided into an observation and a control group; the women in the observation group were given routine health guide and standardized individualized-dietary nutrition guidance and those in the control group were given routine prenatal health guidance. Then we analyzed the differences in nutritional status in late pregnancy and pregnancy outcome among the women of the two groups. Results Compared to the women in the control group,the women in the observation group had significantly lower weight gain during pregnancy and higher intakes of protein,folic acid,calcium,iron,and zinc（ all P〈0. 05）; the incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension,macrosomia,and intrauterine growth delay were also significantly lower among the women in the observation group than among those in the control group（ all P〈0. 05）. Conclusion Strengthening dietary nutrition guidance during pregnancy among pregnant women could improve nutritional status and reduce the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcome among the women.