医院细菌分离培养及药敏试验结果分析

Identification and drug sensitive test of bacteria isolated from clinical specimens: a hospital-based analysis

目的了解朝阳市中心医院2012年上半年细菌培养及药敏试验结果。方法将门诊及住院患者送检的各类培养标本分离可疑菌落,做细菌鉴定及药物敏感试验。结果 2 764份标本分离出细菌1 024株,其中革兰阴性杆菌705株,占68.8%,革兰阳性球菌238株,占23.2%,革兰阴性杆菌为主要分离菌,其中前4位的是铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、大肠埃希菌、克雷伯菌属,分别占20.4%、17.5%、14.7%、13.9%,革兰阳性球菌中凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌为主要分离菌,分别占12.7%和9.96%,对革兰阴性杆菌较敏感的药物是阿米卡星、亚胺培南、美罗培南、头孢吡肟、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦,对革兰阳性球菌较敏感的药物是米诺环素、万古霉素、利福平。结论监测临床细菌的分布及其耐药率,对指导临床合理使用抗菌药物、有效控制感染具有重要意义。

Objective To investigate the results of bacterial culture and drug sensitivity test for clinical specimens collected in the Central Hospital of Chaoyang City during the first half of 2012. Methods Identification and drug sensitive test were conducted for bacterial isolations of various clinical specimens from out- and in-patients of the hospital. Results Totally 1 024 bacterial strains were isolated from 2 764 clinical specimens,of which,705（ 68. 8%） were gram-negative bacilli and 238（ 23. 2%） were gram-positive cocci. The main gram-negative bacilli isolated were Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ 20. 4% of the all isolated strains）,Bauman Acinetobacter（ 17. 5%）,Escherichia coli（ 14. 7%）,and Klebsiella pneumoniae genus（ 13. 9%） and the major gram-positive cocci were coagulase negative Staphylococcus（ 12. 7%） and Staphylococcus aureus（ 9. 96%）,respectively. The gram-negative bacilli isolated were sensitive to amikacin,imipenem,meropenem,cephalosporin cefepime,and piperacillin / tazobactam and the gram-positive cocci were sensitive to minocycline,vancomycin,and rifampin. Conclusion Monitoring on clinically isolated bacteria and their drug resistance is important to rational use of antimicrobial agents and effective control of infection in clinical practices.