12个优质蛋白玉米(QPM)近等基因系配合力效应及杂种优势探讨

Study on Combining Ability and Heterosis of 12 NILs of QPM

[目的]为了探讨12个QPM近等基因系主要农艺性状配合力效应及其产量杂种优势表现。[方法]以12个QPM近等基因系为母本,以5个有代表性自交系为父本,按NCⅡ设计组配60个杂交组合进行鉴定。[结果]QPM近等基因系Q3、Q7、Q10和Q6具有较高一般配合力(GCA)正向效应;Q12×CA339等8个组合具有较强产量特殊配合力(SCA)正向效应,Q1×F19等5个组合具有较优产量杂种优势表现。[结论]QPM近等基因系Q3、Q7、Q10和Q6对组配丰产型组合有较大育种利用潜势;组合Q12×CA339、Q1×F19、Q2×Q205、Q10×CML171、Q2×F19、Q2×F06、Q9×CA339、Q10×Q205具有较强杂种优势潜势;来自不同遗传背景普通玉米自交系转育的被测系种质具有较丰富的遗传基础。

[Objective] The combining ability of main agronomic traits and the heterosis of yield in 12 NILs of QPM were studied. [Method]According to NCⅡ design,12 NILs of QPM（ as mothers） hybridized with 5 representative inbred lines（ as fathers）. These 60 hybrid combines were identified in the field. [Result] The results showed that 4 NILs of QPM（ Q3,Q7,Q10 and Q6） had higher positive effect of GCA and8 hybrid combines had better positive effect of SCA in yield. The results also suggested that 5 hybrid combines performed more excellent in heterosis of yield. [Conclusion]4 NILs（ Q3,Q7,Q10 and Q6） were better utilized in high-yield breeding and 8 hybrid combines（ Q12 × CA339,Q1 × F19,Q2 × Q205,Q10 × CML171,Q2 × F19,Q2 × F06,Q9 × CA339 and Q10 × Q205） had higher potential heterosis. Some NILs of QPM,which transformed from common inbred lines with different genetic background,had rich variations in genetic.