甜玉米高效栽培模式及效益分析

Analysis on the Efficient Cultivation Pattern and Benefit of sweet corn

[目的]研究甜玉米5种种植模式间经济效益的差异。[方法]以迪甜6号为材料,研究甜玉米一年一茬、一年两茬栽培以及甜玉米与小麦、蔬菜(马铃薯、辣椒)间套复种的5种种植模式的种植效益。[结果]甜玉米一年两茬栽培以及甜玉米与小麦、蔬菜(马铃薯、辣椒)间套复种的种植效益均高于甜玉米单作;一年两茬种植效益最高,两茬合计93 937.5元/hm2,抛去平均投资18 480元/hm2,纯收益增加41 610元/hm2;小麦复播甜玉米模式较小麦单播模式收益增加39 060元/hm2,抛去平均投资13 560元/hm2,纯收益增加25 500元/hm2;甜玉米间作马铃薯种植效益为71 460元/hm2,套播辣椒种植效益63 750元/hm2。[结论]甜玉米5种种植模式间经济效益存在极显著差异。农户可根据当地实际情况,选择最适宜的间套种模式,提高甜玉米种植效益。

[Objective] The research aimed to study the differences of economic benefits among five kinds of planting patterns in sweet corn.[Method]Planting benefit of five kinds of planting patterns on Ditian6 were studied. They were one cropping sweet corn per year,two cropping sweet corn per year,sweet corn multiplying wheat and sweet corn intercropping vegetables（ potatoes,peppers）. [Result]Planting benefit of two cropping sweet corn per year,sweet corn multiplying wheat and sweet corn intercropping vegetables（ potatoes,peppers） were higher than that of sweet corn monoculture. The planting benefit of two cropping sweet corn per year was maximum,earnings of two crop amounted to 93937. 5 yuan / hm2,Pure income increased by 41 610 yuan/hm2 if average investment of 18 480 yuan / hm2 was thrown. Compared with wheat uncast,wheat multiplying sweet corn increased 39 060 yuan / hm2,average investment was 13 560 yuan/hm2 and net benefits increased by 25 500 yuan / hm2. Planting benefit of sweet corn intercropping potatoes were 71 460 yuan / hm2,that of sweet corn intercropping peppers obtained 63750 yuan / hm2. [Conclusion]Economic benefits were very significant differences among five kinds of planting patterns in sweet corn. According to local actual situation,farmers can choose the most suitable pattern to improve the planting efficiency of the sweet corn.